1. C# Min Scale
2. C# Minify
3. C# Minor Piano Chord

C or Do is the first note of the C majorscale, the third note of the A minor scale (the relative minor of C major), and the fourth note (F, A, B, C) of the Guidonian hand, commonly pitched around 261.63 Hz. The actual frequency has depended on historical pitch standards, and for transposing instruments a distinction is made between written and sounding or concert pitch.

In English the term Do is used interchangeably with C only by adherents of fixed-Do solfège; in the movable Do system Do refers to the tonic of the prevailing key.

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Frequency[edit]

Historically, concert pitch has varied. For an instrument in equal temperament tuned to the A440 pitch standard widely adopted in 1939, middle C has a frequency around 261.63 Hz (for other notes see piano key frequencies). Scientific pitch was originally proposed in 1713 by French physicist Joseph Sauveur and based on the numerically convenient frequency of 256 Hz for middle C, all C's being powers of two. After the A440 pitch standard was adopted by musicians, the Acoustical Society of America published new frequency tables for scientific use. A movement to restore the older A435 standard has used the banners 'Verdi tuning', 'philosophical pitch' or the easily confused scientific pitch.

Octave nomenclature[edit]

Middle C[edit]

C# Min Scale

Middle C (the fourth C key from left on a standard 88-key piano keyboard) is designated C₄ in scientific pitch notation, and c′ in Helmholtz pitch notation; it is note number 60 in MIDI notation.^[1]

While the expression Middle C is generally clear across instruments and clefs, some musicians naturally use the term to refer to the C note in the middle of their specific instrument's range. C₄ may be called Low C by someone playing a Western concert flute, which has a higher and narrower playing range than the piano, while C₅ (523.251 Hz) would be Middle C. This technically inaccurate practice has led some pedagogues to encourage standardizing on C₄ as the definitive Middle C in instructional materials across all instruments.^[2]

On the Grand Staff, middle-C is notated with a ledger line above the top line of the bass staff or below the bottom line of the treble staff. Alternatively, it is written on the centre line of a staff using the alto clef, or on the fourth line from the bottom, or the second line from the top, of staves using the tenor clef.

Other octaves[edit]

In vocal music, the term High C (sometimes less ambiguously called Top C^[3]) can refer to either the soprano's C₆ (1046.502 Hz; c′′′ in Helmholtz notation) or the tenor's C₅; both are written as the C two ledger lines above the treble clef but the tenor voice sings an octave lower. The term Low C is sometimes used in vocal music to refer to C₂ because this is considered the divide between true basses and bass-baritones: a basso can sing this note easily, whereas other male voices, including bass-baritones, typically cannot.

Tenor C is an organ builder's term for small C or C₃ (130.813 Hz), the note one octave below Middle C. In stoplists it usually means that a rank is not full compass, omitting the bottom octave.

Designation by octave[edit]

Note that for a classical piano and musical theory, the middle C is usually labelled as C₄; However, in the MIDI standard definition (like the one used in Apple's GarageBand), this middle C (261.626 Hz) is labelled C₃. In practice, a MIDI software can label middle C (261.626 Hz) as C₃-C₅, which can cause confusion, especially for beginners.

Graphic presentation[edit]

Scales[edit]

Common scales beginning on C[edit]

• C Major: C D E F G A B C
• C Natural Minor: C D E♭ F G A♭ B♭ C
• C Harmonic Minor: C D E♭ F G A♭ B C
• C Melodic Minor Ascending: C D E♭ F G A B C
• C Melodic Minor Descending: C B♭ A♭ G F E♭ D C

Diatonic scales[edit]

• C Ionian: C D E F G A B C
• C Dorian: C D E♭ F G A B♭ C
• C Phrygian: C D♭ E♭ F G A♭ B♭ C
• C Lydian: C D E F♯ G A B C
• C Mixolydian: C D E F G A B♭ C
• C Aeolian: C D E♭ F G A♭ B♭ C
• C Locrian: C D♭ E♭ F G♭ A♭ B♭ C

Jazz melodic minor[edit]

C# Minify

• C Ascending Melodic Minor: C D E♭ F G A B C
• C Dorian ♭2: C D♭ E♭ F G A B♭ C
• C Lydian Augmented: C D E F♯ G♯ A B C
• C Lydian Dominant: C D E F♯ G A B♭ C
• C Mixolydian ♭6: C D E F G A♭ B♭ C
• C Locrian ♮2: C D E♭ F G♭ A♭ B♭ C
• C Altered: C D♭ E♭ F♭ G♭ A♭ B♭ C

See also[edit]

References[edit]

1. ^'MIDI Note/Key Number Chart', computermusicresource.com
2. ^Large, John (February 1981). 'Theory in Practice: Building a Firm Foundation'. Music Educators Journal. 32: 30–35.
3. ^Harold C. Schonberg (November 4, 1979). 'Birgit Nilsson – The Return of a Super-Soprano'. The New York Times.
4. ^'The Note That Makes Us Weep' by Daniel J. Wakin, The New York Times, September 9, 2007

Administrative shares are hidden network shares created by Windows NT family of operating systems that allow system administrators to have remote access to every disk volume on a network-connected system. These shares may not be permanently deleted but may be disabled. Administrative shares cannot be accessed by users without administrative privileges.

Share names[edit]

Administrative shares are a collection of automatically shared resources including the following:^[1]

• Disk volumes: Every disk volume on the system is shared as an administrative share. The name of these shares consists of the drive letters of shared volume plus a dollar sign ($). For example, a system that has volumes C, D and E has three administrative shares named C$, D$ or E$. (NetBIOS is not case sensitive.)
• OS folder: The folder in which Windows is installed is shared as admin$
• Fax cache: The folder in which faxed pages and cover pages are cached is shared as fax$
• IPC shares: This area, which is used for inter-process communication via named pipes and is not part of the file system, is shared as ipc$
• Printers folder: This virtual folder, which contains object that represent installed printers is shared as print$
• Domain controller shares: Windows Server family of operating system creates two domain controller-specific shares called sysvol and netlogon which do not have dollar signs ($) appended to their names.^[2]

Characteristics[edit]

Administrative shares have the following characteristics:

1. Hidden: The '$' appended to the end of the share name means that it is a hidden share. Windows will not list such shares among those it defines in typical queries by remote clients to obtain the list of shares. One needs to know the name of an administrative share in order to access it.^[1] Not every hidden share is an administrative share; in other words, ordinary hidden shares may be created at user's discretion.^[1]
2. Automatically created: Administrative shares are created by Windows, not a network administrator. If deleted, they will be automatically recreated.^[2]

Administrative shares are not created by Windows XP Home Edition.^[1]

Management[edit]

The administrative shares can be deleted just as any other network share, only to be recreated automatically at the next reboot.^[1] It is, however, possible to disable administrative shares.^[2]

Disabling administrative shares is not without caveats.^[3]Previous Versions for local files, a feature of Windows Vista and Windows 7, requires administrative shares to operate.^[4][5]

Restrictions[edit]

Windows XP implements 'simple file sharing' (also known as 'ForceGuest'), a feature that can be enabled on computers that are not part of a Windows domain.^[6] When enabled, it authenticates all incoming access requests to network shares as 'Guest', a user account with very limited access rights in Windows. This effectively disables access to administrative shares.^[7]

By default, Windows Vista and later use User Account Control (UAC) to enforce security. One of UAC's features denies administrative rights to a user who accesses network shares on the local computer over a network, unless the accessing user is registered on a Windows domain or using the built in Administrator account. If not in a Windows domain it is possible to allow administrative share access to all accounts with administrative permissions by adding the LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy value to the registry.

C# Minor Piano Chord

See also[edit]

• Server Message Block (SMB) – the infrastructure responsible for file and printer sharing in Windows
• Distributed File System (DFS) – another infrastructure that makes file sharing possible
• My Network Places – Windows graphical user interface for accessing network shares
• Network Access Protection (NAP) – a Microsoft network security technology
• Conficker – an infamous malware that exploited a combination of weak passwords, security vulnerabilities, administrative negligence and admin$ share to breach a computer over a network and propagate itself

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abcde'How to create and delete hidden or administrative shares on client computers'. Support. Microsoft. 5 July 2006. Archived from the original on 1 February 2012.CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
2. ^ ^abc'How to remove administrative shares in Windows Server 2008'. Support. Microsoft. 29 October 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
3. ^'Overview of problems that may occur when administrative shares are missing'. Support. Microsoft. 29 March 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
4. ^Karp, David A. (2010). Windows 7 Annoyances Tips, Secrets, and Solutions (1st ed.). Sebastopol: O'Reilly Media. p. 607. ISBN9781449390655.
5. ^Karp, David A. (2008). Windows Vista annoyances (1st ed.). Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly. p. 507. ISBN9780596527624.
6. ^'Microsoft Security Advisory (906574): Clarification of Simple File Sharing and ForceGuest'. Security TechCenter. Microsoft. 23 August 2005. Retrieved 22 July 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
7. ^'How to use the Simple File Sharing feature to share files in Windows XP'. Support. Microsoft. 6 March 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2013.CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)